Next-Generation Electrical Systems: A Review of AI-Enabled Technologies

Abstract

This review explores the evolution of conventional electrical systems to next-generation smart networks powered by Artificial Intelligence (AI). It outlines the shift from conventional to smart, distributed systems with integration of renewable energy, Internet of Things (IoT) and communication technologies. AI technologies like machine learning and data analytics improve grid performance through predictive maintenance, monitoring, fault detection, and energy efficiency. This work also explores the use of AI in smart grids, electrical machines, and energy management, as well as issues encountered such as cybersecurity, data integrity, and interoperability. Finally, it provides an overview of future directions of sustainable energy, decentralized systems, explainable AI, and emerging technologies in modern electrical systems around the globe.